Abstract
BackgroundSince the introduction of mumps-containing vaccines (MuCV) in 1995 in Beijing, two-dose MuCV vaccination policy has been used, with the 1st and 2nd doses given at 18 months and 6 years of age, respectively. MethodsMumps epidemiology during 2005–2016 was described using surveillance data. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) of MuCV against disease was estimated for cases born during 2002–2009 and reported in 2016. VE against complications was estimated for all cases. MuCV coverage was estimated for children born during 1999–2015 using data from Beijing Immunization Information System. ResultsOverall mumps incidence decreased from 30.38/100,000 persons in 2005 to 10.26/100,000 persons in 2016. Incidence declines in children aged <15 years. No significant incidence change occurred in adults aged ≥20 years. Incidence in persons aged 15–19 years increased by 132.73% in 2012 when compared with in 2005. Rates of meningitis/encephalitis, orchitis, and other complications among cases decreased during 2005–2016. The majority (97%) of outbreaks occurred in schools. Total number of outbreaks and average outbreak size decreased during 2005–2016. Among outbreak-related cases, 69.54%, 29.67% and 0.79% had received 0 dose, 1dose and 2 doses of MuCV, respectively. Coverage of the 1st MuCV dose at 2–5 years of age increased by 42.75% during 2005–2016. Coverage of the 2nd MuCV dose at 6–14 years of age increased by 12.87% during 2013–2016. Overall VE estimates of MuCV against mumps disease were 74.51% (95% CI: 65.57–81.34%) for 1 dose and 83.16% (95% CI: 78.60–86.31%) for 2 doses. Both VE estimates increased by birth cohorts. VE estimate against complications for 2-dose MuCV was higher than for 1 dose. ConclusionsIncreasing MuCV coverage achieved declining mumps incidence and complication rate. Current epidemiology supported 2-dose MuCV vaccination policy. The incidence rise in persons aged 15–19 years in 2012 and waning immunity for the 2nd MuCV dose merited close follow-up.
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