Abstract
Mumming refers to the wearing of festive masks or disguises and the performance of shows or ceremonials. For the Twelve Days of Christmas mummers made house‐to‐house visits to perform shows like the Hero‐Combat featuring the British national hero and popular icon St. George. Other forms of folk drama performed during the winter season consisted of rituals of inversion involving a mock king called a Lord of Misrule. Folk pageants, dances, and shows during the spring and summer included morris dancers, hobby horses, Wild Men wearing an ivy disguise and carrying an oak club, Sword Dance and Robin Hood plays, summer mock kings and queens, and the Mummers' Play St. George and the Fiery Dragon . These medieval and early modern folk traditions developed into ritual practices and performances still enjoyed today in Britain and North America such as the custom of “Trick or Treat” during Halloween and Mardi Gras festivities in Louisiana.
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