Abstract
Millimetre-wave imaging is a powerful non-destructive inspection technique which has become widely used in areas such as through-the-wall imaging or concealed weapon detection. Nevertheless, current systems are usually limited to either a single view point providing a limited 3D millimeter-wave model or a multiview relying on the accurate movement of a robot arm through precise positions resulting in very bulky systems. In this paper, we present a set of techniques to achieve a multiview millimetre-wave scanner. The aperture of the scanner is kept below 16 cm so it can be portable and, consequently, multiview can be achieved by simple hand movements. In addition, optical images are also acquired with a two-fold purpose: i) building a complementary 3D-model by employing Structure from Movement (SfM) techniques; ii) estimating the scanner position and poses. The proposed technology is illustrated for people screening, proving the capacity of the system to detect hidden weapons.
Highlights
Properties of the electromagnetic (EM) waves along the EM spectrum (i.e., X-rays, visible light, infrared, terahertz, microwaves, etc.) are extremely heterogeneous enabling a wide variety of applications
They lay in the non-ionizing area of the EM spectrum and, they are harmless for human beings
Focal plane arrays (FPAs), comprising a set of lenses and an array of receivers, are able to capture spontaneous radiation but their working principle is similar to a conventional photography camera[7, 8]
Summary
Properties of the electromagnetic (EM) waves along the EM spectrum (i.e., X-rays, visible light, infrared, terahertz, microwaves, etc.) are extremely heterogeneous enabling a wide variety of applications. Radiometers are able to capture the spontaneous radiation of bodies at a given temperature by using high gain antennas[5, 6] so that information of small spots can be collected yielding the final image. These setups have been used to image in the range of tens of metres due to the distance required by the involved large antennas to focus the scene. These advances in mm-wave technology have enabled the implementation of the first generation of portable mm-wave scanners[12] and fully electronic cameras[13,14,15]
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