Multivariate optimization of “In capillary-Schiff's base functionalized magnetic nanoparticle based microextraction” of Pb+2: A novel synergistic approach

Abstract

A novel microextraction procedure based on Schiff's base functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (SBMNPs) has been developed for Pb+2 extraction. Compared to conventional microextraction systems, the main advantage of proposed procedure is that no volatile/flammable reagents have used and experimental time is also reduced. Schiff's base has been derived from salicylaldehyde and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane modified nanoparticles. Extraction of Pb+2 was carried out in a capillary column containing analyte followed by the addition of SBMNPs and triton X-114 where ionic-liquid “1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate” was used as an extractant. After extraction; analyte concentration was determined with flame atomic absorption spectrometer through a self made micro-injection system. The SBMNPs were characterized by FTIR and TEM, respectively, demonstrating their distinct core–shell structures. Different experimental parameters were optimized through multivariate strategy. Detection limit, enhancement factor and relative standard deviation obtained with developed procedure were 0.193μgL−1, 26.3 and 4.01%, respectively. Validity was checked through the recovery experiments and satisfactory results were obtained. In brief the synergistic combination of SBMNPs in column with ionic-liquid resulted in an efficient microextraction procedure for Pb+2 in real samples.