Multivariate Cluster and Principle Component Analyses of Selected Yield Traits in Uzbek Bread Wheat Cultivars

Shokista Sh Adilova,Tohir A Bozorov,Saidmurad K Baboev,Aleksey I Morgunov,Dilafruz E Qulmamatova

doi:10.4236/ajps.2020.116066

Shokista Sh Adilova, Tohir A Bozorov + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2020.116066

Copy DOI

Abstract

Investigation of genetic diversity of geographically distant wheat genotypes is a useful approach in wheat breeding providing efficient crop varieties. This article presents multivariate cluster and principal component analyses (PCA) of some yield traits of wheat, such as thousand-kernel weight (TKW), grain number, grain yield and plant height. Based on the results, an evaluation of economically valuable attributes by eigenvalues made it possible to determine the components that significantly contribute to the yield of common wheat genotypes. Twenty-five genotypes were grouped into four clusters on the basis of average linkage. The PCA showed four principal components (PC) with eigenvalues > 1, explaining approximately 90.8% of the total variability. According to PC analysis, the variance in the eigenvalues was the greatest (4.33) for PC-1, PC-2 (1.86) and PC-3 (1.01). The cluster analysis revealed the classification of 25 accessions into four diverse groups. Averages, standard deviations and variances for clusters based on morpho-physiological traits showed that the maximum average values for grain yield (742.2), biomass (1756.7), grains square meter (18,373.7), and grains per spike (45.3) were higher in cluster C compared to other clusters. Cluster D exhibited the maximum thousand-kernel weight (TKW) (46.6).

Highlights

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important cereal crops in Uzbekistan, providing over 50% of gained energy
Standard deviations and variances for clusters based on morpho-physiological traits showed that the maximum average values for grain yield (742.2), biomass (1756.7), grains square meter (18,373.7), and grains per spike (45.3) were higher in cluster C compared to other clusters
The experimental materials consisted of 25 wheat accessions with different geographic origins, namely, the Bardosh, Ilgor, and Ezoz varieties obtained breeding program using CYMMIT germplasm, the Pakhlavon and Oq Marvarid varieties obtained from hybridized from local varieties, winter wheat cultivars obtained from the Krasnodar Germplasm collection

Summary

Introduction

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important cereal crops in Uzbekistan, providing over 50% of gained energy. The World population is rapidly increasing, and there is a growing demand for products derived from wheat [2]. To increase yield, using wheat genotypes with maximum variability is required. Yield traits have been successfully used for the estimation of genetic diversity since they provide a simple way of quantifying genetic variation [5]. Because traits such as optimum plant height, grain number per spike, and a TKW contribute to wheat yield [6] [7] [8]

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion