Multivariate Analysis of the Factors Affecting Attitude Toward Organ Donation Among the Ecuadorian Population Residing in Spain

Abstract

IntroductionImmigrants from Ecuador represent the largest group of Latin Americans in Spain and are, therefore, a subgroup of interest to understand their attitudes and influences in respect to organ donation and transplantation. ObjectiveTo analyze the attitude of nationals of Ecuador residing in Spain regarding deceased organ donation. MethodsThe study population included the Ecuadorian population residing in Spain. A sample of population older than 15 years was obtained randomly and stratified by age and sex (n=461). Attitude was assessed using a validated questionnaire on psychosocial aspects toward organ donation (PCID-DTO-Ríos). Assistance from immigration support associations in Spain was needed to advice on the location of potential respondents. ResultsAttitude toward cadaveric donation was favorable in 59% (n=271) of respondents, 12% (n=57) were against cadaveric donation, and 29% (n=133) were undecided. Several variables were associated with having a more favorable attitude. In the multivariate analysis, the following variables were independently associated with a more positive attitude toward organ donation: 1. level of formal education (odds ratio [OR]=6.849 [25.641–1.818]; P = .004); 2. being in favor of donating a family member's organs (OR=8.849 [20.833–3.717]; P < .001); 3. having commented at a family level about transplant (OR=3.717 [6.578–2.109]; P < .001); 4. not being concerned about the possible mutilation of the body after donation (OR=4.608 [8.547–2.487]; P < .001) and 5. knowing the attitude of one's religion toward donation (OR=7.462 [34.482–1.623]; P = .010). ConclusionsThe attitude toward cadaveric organ donation among the Ecuadorian population residing in Spain is less favorable than that of the Spanish population and is determined by many different psychosocial variables.