Multivariate Analysis of Indian Banking Sector Performance: A Camel Framework Approach

Abstract

The objective of banking sector reforms in India was in line with the overall goals of the 1991 economic reforms of opening an economy, giving a greater role to markets in setting prices and allocating resources, and increasing the role of private sector. In the following years, reforms covered the areas of (1) stabilization of banks; (2) partial privatization of state owned banks; (3) liberalization including interest rate deregulation, the reduction of statutory pre-emption, and the easing of directed credit rules; (4) changes in the institutional framework, and (5) entry deregulation for both domestic and foreign banks. The increased opportunities for the banks provided by the deregulation have extended their portfolios, but at the same time introduced new uncertainties and risks. The present paper aims at examining the performance of Indian banking sector using CAMEL framework. CAMEL stands for Capital adequacy, Asset quality, Management, Earnings and Liquidity. We have used the modified version of this framework in which one more factor has been included i.e., Systems and Control.