Abstract
We investigated changes in protozoa and metazoa community in relation to process parameters in activated sludge from four wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) throughout the period of 1 year. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that activated sludge from investigated treatment plants had different dominating species representatives and community composition mainly depends on individual features of the treatment plants. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the temperature in bioreactors was the most relevant factor explaining changes in the microorganism community, whereas reduction rate of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD5), suspended solids (SS), and total nitrogen (TN) did not sufficiently explain the variation in protozoa and metazoan community composition. The results indicate that in stable working WWTP it is difficult to find a pronounced link between activated sludge species composition, process parameters, and plant configuration. Applied multivariate analysis can be a valuable tool for the exploration of the relations between community composition and WWTP process parameters.
Highlights
Curds and Cockburn (1970) were probably the first researchers who used the protozoa community as bioindicators of effluent quality of activated sludge system plants
To Zornoza’s (2017) research, suggest that density and species composition of protozoa and metazoa in activated sludge depend on bioreactor configuration
In research conducted by Hu and co-workers (2013b) influent temperature and sludge volume index (SVI) showed the highest factorial loads in the first component axis in Principal component analysis (PCA) exploring changes in protozoa and metazoa community
Summary
Curds and Cockburn (1970) were probably the first researchers who used the protozoa community as bioindicators of effluent quality of activated sludge system plants. (WWTP) develops its own distinctive protozoan community which depends on the specific features of the plant itself (Seviour and Nielsen 2010) and no general and clear pattern exists. Attempt to explain this phenomenon was described by Salvadó et al (1995), but statistical analyses used to relate physical–chemical parameters and protozoa showed that relation between various physical–chemical parameters and a particular species does not follow a linear model. Their study shows that some protozoa and metazoa representatives were related with the activated sludge system performance, with effective nitrification process
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