Multi-user mmWave MIMO Channel Estimation with Hybrid Beamforming over Frequency Selective Fading Channels

Abstract

In multi-user millimeter wave (mmWave) multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems, obtaining accurate information/knowledge regarding the channel state is crucial to achieving multi-user interference cancellation and reliable beamforming (BF)–to compensate for severe path loss. This knowledge is nonetheless very challenging to acquire in practice since large antenna arrays experience a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) before BF. In this paper, a multi-user channel estimation (CE) scheme namely generalized-block compressed sampling matching pursuit (G-BCoSaMP), is proposed for multi-user mmWave MIMO systems over frequency selective fading channels. This scheme exploits the cluster-structured sparsity in the angular and delay domain of mmWave channels determined by the actual spatial frequencies of each path. As the corresponding spatial frequencies of multi-user mmWave MIMO systems with Hybrid BF often fall between the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) bins due to the continuous Angle of Arrival (AoA)/Angle of Departure (AoD), the proposed G-BCoSaMP algorithm can address the resulting power leakage problem. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is effective and offer a better CE performance in terms of MSE when compared to the generalized block orthogonal matching pursuit (G-BOMP) algorithm that does not possess a pruning step.