Multi-trace post-stack seismic data sparse inversion with nuclear norm constraint

Abstract

Among many seismic inversion methods, the sparse spike inversion for post-stack seismic data uses the migrated and stacked seismic data which is regarded as zero offset reflection seismic data in the case of normal incidence to extract reflectivity and impedance of underground rocks. The seismic reflectivity and impedance can reflect underground rocks’ lithology, petrophysical property, oil–gas possibility, and so forth. However, the common used post-stack seismic inversion adopts single trace in the process of inversion and completes the whole data cube’s inversion through trace by trace. It cannot use lateral regularization. Hence, the lateral continuity of single trace inversion result is poor. It is difficult to represent the lateral variation features of underground rocks. Based on the conventional sparse spike inversion, the nuclear norm of matrix in the matrix completion theory is introduced in the process of post-stack seismic inversion. At the same time, the strategy of multi-trace seismic data simultaneous inversion is used to carry out lateral regularization constraint. Numerical tests on 2D model indicate that the inversion results obtained from the proposed method can clearly represent not only the vertical variation features but also the lateral variation features of underground rocks. At last, the inversion results of real seismic data further show the feasibility and superiority of the proposed method in practical application.