Multistep Reduction Kinetics of Fine Iron Ore with Carbon Monoxide in a Micro Fluidized Bed Reaction Analyzer

Abstract

The reduction kinetics of Brazilian hematite by CO is investigated in a Micro Fluidized Bed Reaction Analyzer (MFBRA) using an analyzing method based on Johnson-Mehl-Avrami (JMA) model at temperatures of 973 K (700 °C), 1023 K (750 °C), 1073 K (800 °C), and 1123 K (850 °C). The solid products at different reduction stages are evaluated by SEM/EDS and XRD technologies. Results indicate that the reduction process is better to be discussed in terms of a parallel reaction model that consists of the reactions of hematite to wustite and wustite to iron, rather than a stepwise route. Meanwhile, the controlling mechanism of the reduction process is found to vary with temperature and the degree of conversion. The overall process is controlled by the gas–solid reaction occurring at the iron/wustite interface in the initial stages, and then is limited by the nucleation of wustite, and finally shifts to diffusion control. Moreover, the reactions of hematite to wustite and wustite to iron take place simultaneously but with different time dependences, and the apparent activation energies of hematite to wustite and wustite to iron are determined as 83.61 and 80.40 KJ/mol, respectively.