Abstract
Based on elastic mechanics, the fluid–structure coupling theory and the finite element method, a high-speed railway wheel-rail rolling-aerodynamic noise model is established to realize the combined simulation and prediction of the vibrations, rolling noise and aerodynamic noise in wheel-rail systems. The field test data of the Beijing–Shenyang line are considered to verify the model reliability. In addition, the directivity of each sound source at different frequencies is analyzed. Based on this analysis, noise reduction measures are proposed. At a low frequency of 300 Hz, the wheel-rail area mainly contributes to the aerodynamic noise, and as the frequency increases, the wheel-rail rolling noise becomes dominant. When the frequency is less than 1000 Hz, the radiated noise fluctuates around the cylindrical surface, and the directivity of the sound is ambiguous. When the frequency is in the middle- and high-frequency bands, exceeding 1000 Hz, both the rolling and total noise exhibit a notable directivity in the directions of 20–30° and 70–90°, and thus, noise reduction measures can be implemented in these directions.
Highlights
High-speed railways represent a kind of high-efficiency transportation mode with a large transportation capacity, high speed, high comfort and low energy consumption and have broad development prospects
When studying the far-field noise caused by train operation [4], the rail is usually simplified as a line sound source [5], and the noise radiated in the far field is considered to be consistent with the superposition effect of various individual noise sources in the far field [6]
According in the the literature literature and and the the wheel–rail admittance calculated using the wheel–rail coupling model to obtain wheel–rail admittance calculated using the wheel–rail coupling model to obtain the the wheel–rail force, analysis wheel–rail force, which which isisapplied appliedto tothe thewheel–rail wheel–railvibration vibrationnoise noisecombined combined analymodel, the rolling noise is calculated according to the solid–gas interface coupling sis model, the rolling noise is calculated according to the solid–gas interface coupling theory
Summary
High-speed railways represent a kind of high-efficiency transportation mode with a large transportation capacity, high speed, high comfort and low energy consumption and have broad development prospects. Considering the rolling noise problem of wheel–rail systems, Yang [9] established a wheel–rail noise prediction model and analyzed the frequency spectrum characteristics and propagation law of the vibration radiation noise of each component of four typical ballastless track structures. Zhu and Jing [14] studied the aerodynamic noise by performing numerical calculations and experiments considering the causes of the sound sources in various parts of high-speed trains; based on the results, the authors proposed improved noise prevention and control measures. Thompson et al [17] analyzed the aerodynamic noise by using microphone arrays, conducting wind tunnel experiments, using fluid dynamics methods and performing numerical simulations These researchers proposed a semiempirical model and control measures for each part of the aerodynamic noise source. The proposed vibration noise combined analysis model of high-speed railways can serve as a novel theoretical analysis concept and methodology to investigate the high-speed railway wheel–rail area radiation noise and can provide theoretical support to reduce the high-speed railway vibration and noise
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