Multiservice Compact Pixelated Stacked Antenna With Different Pixel Shapes for IoT Applications

Abstract

This paper presents a multi-service pixelated stacked antenna for dual-band application at 5.2 GHz and 5.8 GHz bands. An efficient method for designing multilayer or stacked antennas for multistandard Internet of Things (IoT) applications is proposed in this paper. The proposed antenna topology is based on two different pixel shapes and offers essential aspects such as flexibilities in the design of low-profile single band or multi-band antennas for wireless systems. The antenna design consists of two pixelated layers of radiating patch, consisting of different shaped pixels. The V-shaped binary particle swarm optimization (VBPSO) algorithm has been implemented for the optimization of pixel positions. Only by considering predefined regions, the antenna can be designed and optimized for various design goals. In the design procedure, triangular-shaped pixels are used to form the principal radiating patch, while square-shaped pixels are implemented on the stacked parasitic patch. Measurement and simulation results are in good agreement which proves the accuracy of the design and simulation procedure. The antenna operates at 5.16-5.21 GHz and 5.79-5.86 GHz. With a compact design, the proposed antenna achieves 4.7 dBi and 4.4 dBi gain at 5.2 GHz and 5.8 GHz, respectively. The proposed antenna design methodology offers great potentials to be aligned with specific design requirements of wireless low-profile IoT devices.