Multiscale Texture Features to Enhance Lubricant Film Thickness for Prosthetic Hip Implant Bearing Surfaces

Abstract

The longevity of prosthetic hip implants is significantly influenced by wear. Surface textures of various length scales can reduce the friction coefficient and wear of lubricated bearing surfaces. The optimization of multiscale texture parameters, aimed at maximizing lubricant film thickness, was achieved through hydrodynamic lubrication simulations that solve the Reynolds equation with a mass-conserving cavitation model under various operating conditions. The outcomes indicate that adding “interstitial” texture features to a pattern of microscale texture features can further increase the lubricant film thickness. Additionally, the lubricant film thickness increases as the interstitial texture feature aspect ratio and texture density decrease. Pin-on-disc experiments align with simulation findings, demonstrating that multiscale texturing with ultra-fast laser ablation on Ti6Al4V discs significantly improves wettability and reduces the friction coefficient of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene pins when compared to untextured and microscale textured surfaces. The multiscale surface texturing also changes the evident wear mechanisms on the pins, reducing the incidence of abrasive scratches and adhesive wear compared to both untextured and just microscale textured surfaces.