Abstract
AbstractIn this work a multiscale model for bone tissue is presented and explored to study its capabilities as a design tool for bone substitutes as well as to analyse the bone behaviour in case of disease. The bone adaptation is modeled as a two-scale material distribution problem where not only the apparent density is determined but also the trabecular structure of bone is characterized. The solution is obtained assuming that bone adapts itself to maximize stiffness and to satisfy biological driven constrains such as the cost of bone formation, the relation between volume fraction and bone surface area density and the permeability necessary for mass transport (nutrients, blood supply, etc). The model is compared with some clinical data obtained by DXA, and the influence of the parameter which control the bone formation on the structure of trabecular bone is analysed. Also, the multiscale model is applied to design bone substitutes that present a microstructure representative of actual bone properties.
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