Abstract
In this paper, the multiscale boundary element formulation presented in Ref. 1 for modeling material degradation and fracture is extended to mixed-mode fracture problems. The case study is a spur gear tooth fracture. The inter-granular crack initiation and propagation at the microscale is considered to lead to the formation and propagation of macrocracks under mixed-mode failure conditions. Information from the microscale to the macroscale are transferred using averaging theorems. An integral nonlocal approach is employed to avoid the pathological localization of microdamage at the macroscale. Both micro- and macroscales are modeled using recently developed boundary cohesive element and stress decremental formulations. The obtained results are in good agreement with experimental findings and other reported numerical results.
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