Multi-scale biothermal and biomechanical behaviours of biological materials

Abstract

You have accessMoreSectionsView PDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Cite this article Xu Feng, Lu TianJian and Guo X. Edward 2010Multi-scale biothermal and biomechanical behaviours of biological materialsPhil. Trans. R. Soc. A.368517–519http://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2009.0249SectionYou have accessIntroductionMulti-scale biothermal and biomechanical behaviours of biological materials Feng Xu Feng Xu HST Center for Bioengineering, Department of Medicine,Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School,Boston, MA 02115, USAE-mail address: Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for more papers by this author , TianJian Lu TianJian Lu MOE Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration, School of Aerospace,Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, PR ChinaE-mail address: Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for more papers by this author and X. Edward Guo X. Edward Guo Bone Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering,Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USAE-mail address: Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for more papers by this author Feng Xu Feng Xu HST Center for Bioengineering, Department of Medicine,Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School,Boston, MA 02115, USAE-mail address: Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for more papers by this author , TianJian Lu TianJian Lu MOE Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration, School of Aerospace,Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, PR ChinaE-mail address: Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for more papers by this author and X. Edward Guo X. Edward Guo Bone Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering,Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USAE-mail address: Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for more papers by this author Published:13 February 2010https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2009.0249All living creatures, with no exception of humans, are subjected to an environment with both thermal and mechanical ‘loadings’. When the temperature is out of normal physiological range (e.g. in extreme heat or cold), biological activities fail to proceed in a normal way, resulting in injury or even death. On the other hand, in medicine, various therapeutic methods involving both thermal and mechanical loadings have been widely used to cure disease/injury at different scale levels from subcellular to the whole organ. The objective of these treatments is to induce injury precisely within the target but without affecting the surrounding healthy cells/tissues/organs. The effectiveness of these treatments is governed by the coupled thermal, mechanical and biological responses of the affected tissue: a favourable treatment results in a procedure with no lasting side effects.Biological systems function cooperatively across different spatial and temporal scales, from nanoscale biomolecules to microscale cells, and to macroscale tissues and organs. To understand the mechanisms of various biological functions, it is important to study biological systems at different scales. This Theme Issue of the Royal Society’s Philosophical Transactions A, entitled ‘Multi-scale biothermal and biomechanical behaviours of biological materials’, aims to provide some insight into the biothermal–mechanical–neural behaviour at different scales. In this issue, biological behaviours at different scales are re-cast in engineering systems parlance. It focuses on the frontiers of this fast-growing field with emphasis on the thermal behaviour, mechanical behaviour, the coupled thermomechanical behaviour and corresponding neural response/signalling of biological materials at subcellular, cellular and tissue levels. This will enable better understanding of the underlying mechanism of biological behaviours and in turn support the growing fields of tissue engineering, cell therapeutics and disease treatment.The papers included in this issue show the broad scope of activities in this field with a series of reviews and original contributions. First, Zhu (2010) presents a review entitled ‘A multi-scale view of skin thermal pain: from nociception to pain sensation’ which describes an engineering view of skin thermal pain sensation covering molecular level (e.g. ion channel), cell level (e.g. nociceptor), tissue level (e.g. tissue thermomechanics) and whole organ level (human pain sensation). As a demonstration of the progress in multi-scale bioheat and mass transport, Xu et al. (2010) offer a review entitled ‘Multi-scale heat and mass transfer modelling of cell and tissue cryopreservation’, which describes a multi-scale approach (from molecular transport across the cell membrane to tissue level heat transfer) to simulate cell and tissue cryopreservation. Elkin et al. (2010) present ‘Fixed negative charge and the Donnan effect: a description of the driving forces associated with brain tissue swelling and edema’, which correlates tissue level behaviours (i.e. swelling in brain tissue) to molecular level (i.e. membrane permeabilization) and cell level (cellular metabolism) behaviours. Shivaram et al. (2010) correlate the cell level behaviours (osteoblast response to shear stress) to the molecular level (gene expression) behaviours in their paper entitled ‘Novel early response genes in osteoblasts exposed to dynamic fluid flow’. Huo et al. (2010) demonstrated interesting discoveries regarding cell signalling in different cell networks in their paper entitled ‘Intercellular calcium wave propagation in linear and circuit-like bone cell networks’. Then, Marquez et al. (2010) investigated the relationship between mechanical behaviours at cell and tissue levels in their paper entitled ‘Whole cell mechanics of contractile fibroblasts: relations between effective cellular and extracellular matrix moduli’. Ng et al. (2010) studied bioheat transfer at tissue level under extreme thermal environment (skin burn) in their paper entitled ‘Prediction and parametric analysis of thermal profiles within heated human skin using the boundary element method’. This issue is ended with a paper from Zhou et al. (2010) entitled ‘Strain rate sensitivity of skin tissue under thermomechanical loading’, which describes the coupled thermomechanical behaviour of skin tissue under extreme thermal environment.The Guest Editors thank all the authors for their contributions and reviewers for their participation and help to make this Theme Issue a success. We hope that these papers will stimulate future work at the frontiers of the field. Special thanks are due to the staffs of Philosophical Transactions A, in particular Suzanne Abbott, for their invaluable advice and professional support in the production of this issue. We believe that this issue will be an important resource for those in the field and for future references as an important record of the current state of the field.FootnotesOne contribution of 9 to a Theme Issue ‘Multi-scale biothermal and biomechanical behaviours of biological materials’.© 2010 The Royal SocietyReferencesElkin B. S., Shaik M. A.& Morrison III B.. 2010Fixed negative charge and the Donnan effect:a description of the driving forces associated with brain tissue swelling and oedema. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 368, 585-603(doi:10.1098/rsta.2009.0223). Link, ISI, Google ScholarHuo B., Lu X. L.& Guo X. E.. 2010Intercellular calcium wave propagation in linear and \hboxcircuit-like bone cell networks. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 368, 617-633(doi:10.1098/rsta.2009.0221). Link, ISI, Google ScholarMarquez J. P., Elson E. L.& Genin G. M.. 2010Whole cell mechanics of contractile fibroblasts:relations between effective cellular and extracellular matrix moduli. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 368, 635-654(doi:10.1098/rsta.2009.0240). Link, ISI, Google ScholarNg E. Y. K., Tan H. M.& Ooi E. H.. 2010Prediction and parametric analysis of thermal profiles within heated human skin using the boundary element method. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 368, 655-678(doi:10.1098/rsta.2009.0224). Link, ISI, Google ScholarShivaram G. M., Kim C. H., Batra N. N., Yang W., Harris S. E.& Jacobs C. R.. 2010Novel early response genes in osteoblasts exposed to dynamic fluid flow. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 368, 605-616(doi:10.1098/rsta.2009.0231). Link, ISI, Google ScholarXu F., Moon S., Zhang X., Shao L., Song Y. S.& Demirci U.. 2010Multi-scale heat and mass transfer modelling of cell and tissue cryopreservation. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 368, 561-583(doi:10.1098/rsta.2009.0248). Link, ISI, Google ScholarZhou B., Xu F., Chen C. Q.& Lu T. J.. 2010Strain rate sensitivity of skin tissue under thermomechanical loading. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 368, 679-690(doi:10.1098/rsta.2009.0238). Link, ISI, Google ScholarZhu Y. J.& Lu T. J.. 2010A multi-scale view of skin thermal pain:from nociception to pain sensation. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 368, 521-559(doi:10.1098/rsta.2009.0234). Link, ISI, Google Scholar Next Article VIEW FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD PDF FiguresRelatedReferencesDetailsCited by Kumari B and Mukhopadhyay S (2016) Some theorems on linear theory of thermoelasticity for an anisotropic medium under an exact heat conduction model with a delay, Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids, 10.1177/1081286515620263, 22:5, (1177-1189), Online publication date: 1-May-2017. Carme Leseduarte M and Quintanilla R (2013) Phragmén-Lindelöf alternative for an exact heat conduction equation with delay, Communications on Pure & Applied Analysis, 10.3934/cpaa.2013.12.1221, 12:3, (1221-1235), . Quintanilla R (2011) Some solutions for a family of exact phase-lag heat conduction problems, Mechanics Research Communications, 10.1016/j.mechrescom.2011.04.008, 38:5, (355-360), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2011. This Issue13 February 2010Volume 368Issue 1912Theme Issue 'Multi-scale biothermal and biomechanical behaviours of biological materials' compiled and edited by F. Xu, T. J. Lu and X. E. Guo Article InformationDOI:https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2009.0249Published by:Royal SocietyPrint ISSN:1364-503XOnline ISSN:1471-2962History: Published online13/02/2010Published in print13/02/2010 License:© 2010 The Royal Society Citations and impact Subjectsbiomedical engineeringbiophysics