Multi-response Optimization of FSW Process Parameters of ZE42 Alloy Using RSM-Based Grey Relational Analysis

Abstract

This study presents the multi-objective optimization using grey relational analysis (GRA) of friction stir welding (FSW) parameters of ZE42 alloy utilizing of 1.2 mm diameter H13 wire. Input parameters for welding process perform a predominant part in calculating expected quality in weld. The research has been carried out in accordance with the response surface methodology (RSM). The input parameters preferred were the welding speed, axial force, tool pin profile, and tool speed. The responses for quality targets preferred are the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and hardness strength. Grey relational analysis has been preferred in optimizing the input parameters instantaneously allowing for output variables in much variable. Determination of optimal parameters combination is stated as A3B3C3D3 when welding speed at 1150 rpm, tool speed at 60 m/min, cylindrical tool pin profile at zero, and axial force at 5 N. ANOVA method finds its total weldment quality over different level of input parameters.