Abstract
Numerical simulations are presented of steady state, hypersonic blunt body flows and the influence of multi-quantum vibrational energy exchange assesed for vibrational heating and cooling conditions. The objective is to understand the thermodynamic nonequilibrium phenomena encountered along the trajectory of hypersonic aerospace vehicles. The nonequilibrium vibrational energy distributions were modeled by the master kinetic equation and the population distributions in the quantum energy states of the diatomic molecule evaluated under multiple-quantum vibrational-translational (VT) and vibration-vibration (VV) energy exchanges. The competing effects of resonant and non-resonant VV exchanges and VT de-excitation rates were studied for Treanor distributions that exist for conditions typically encountered in expanding nozzles. For vibrational cooling flows, additional uppumping of energy in the intermediate quantum levels due to enhanced VV exchanges of the double quantum transitions was captured in the numerical simulation. Results from a newly developed dissociation model compared with existing experiments in pure nitrogen suggest that the ladder model with strong vibrational bias is suitable at temperatures 10,000 K and below; at much higher temperatures a weak bias is favored.
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