Multiplier transformation of E-commerce to S-commerce in emerging economy

Abstract

Relevance. Electronic commerce (e-commerce) and social commerce (s-commerce) are transforming business and consumer behaviour in Southeast Asia, propelled by digital advancements and increased internet and smartphone usage. This trend is significantly influencing economic growth and market dynamics in these emerging economies. Research Objective. This study aims to perform a comparative analysis of e-commerce and s-commerce across Southeast Asian countries. Additionally, it seeks to explore the evolution from e-commerce to s-commerce in emerging economies, examining the opportunities and challenges embedded in this transition, and discussing the implications for businesses and consumers alike. Data and Methods. To achieve these objectives, we used a quantitative approach, surveying 872 Thai participants through an online questionnaire using a convenience sampling technique. Additionally, we analyzed the data comparing e-commerce and s-commerce across Southeast Asian countries using the documentary method and content analysis. Results. Consumer spending through e-commerce and s-commerce has a significant positive impact on economic growth in Thailand, surpassing the impact of government spending. Private consumption, a substantial component of Thailand's GDP, stimulates production, investment, and job creation, fostering overall economic advancement. In Southeast Asia, distinct e-commerce trends are evident: Thailand benefits from high internet and smartphone usage, Indonesia from robust social media engagement, and Vietnam from a focus on social commerce and mobile, cross-border e-commerce. These diverse trends underscore the necessity for businesses to tailor their strategies to each country's unique consumer behaviors and preferences. Conclusions. The study confirms the significant impact of electronic consumption through e-commerce and social media on GDP growth. This form of consumption not only drives demand but also creates jobs, enhances efficiency, and opens up opportunities for international trade, fostering sustained economic development. In light of these findings, governments are advised to bolster digital infrastructure and support businesses in their digital transition. Meanwhile, businesses are recommended to adapt to digital models, emphasize consumer engagement, expand globally through online platforms, and integrate sustainable practices. Collectively, these measures are designed to harness the full potential of electronic consumption for sustainable and robust economic growth.