Multiplex Reverse Transcription-PCR for Simultaneous Detection of Reovirus, Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus, and Bovine Parainfluenza Virus during the Manufacture of Cell Culture-derived Biopharmaceuticals

Abstract

동물세포배양 유래 생물의약품 생산 공정에서 다양한 외래성 바이러스가 오염된 사례가 있기 때문에 바이러스 안전성 보증을 위한 바이러스 검출시험이 필수적이다. Reovirus (Reo), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), bovine parainfluenza virus (BPIV)는 동물 세포주와 동물 세포 배양 공정에 오염되는 대표적인 RNA 바이러스이다. 세포배양 유래 생물의약품의 안전성을 확보하기 위해, 세포주, 원료물질, 제조공정, 완제품에서 Reo, BVDV, BPIV를 동시에 검출할 수 있는 Multiplex Reverse Transcription (RT)-PCR 시험법을 확립하였다. Reo, BVDV, BPIV에 특이적인 primer를 선별하였으며, multiplex RT-PCR 시험법을 최적화하였다. Reo, BVDV, BPIV를 동시에 검출할 수 있는 multiplex RT-PCR 시험법의 민감도는 각각 $7.76{\times}10^2\;TCID_{50}/ml$ , $7.44{\times}10^1\;TCID_{50}/ml$ , $6.75{\times}10^1\;TCID_{50}/ml$ 이었다. 확립된 multiplex RT-PCR을 생물의약품 제조공정 검증에 적용할 수 있는지 확인하기 위하여 인위적으로 각 바이러스를 오염시킨 CHO 세포에서 검출 시험을 실시한 결과 각 바이러스를 감염시킨 CHO 세포와 세포배양 상청액에서 각 바이러스를 검출할 수 있었다. 위와 같은 결과에서 확립된 multiplex RT-PCR시험법은 세포주, 원료물질, 제조공정, 완제품에서 Reo, BVDV, BPIV를 동시에 검출할 수 있는 특이성과 민감성이 우수한 시험법임을 확인하였다. 【Viral safety is an important prerequisite for clinical preparations of mammalian cell culture-derived biopharmaceuticals, because numerous adventitious viruses have been contaminated during the manufacturing process. In particular, Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are highly susceptible to several RNA viruses including reovirus (Reo), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), and bovine parainfluenza virus (BPIV) and there have been reports of such viral contaminations. Therefore, viral detection during the CHO cell process is necessary to ensure the safety of biopharmaceuticals against viruses. In this study, a multiplex reverse transcription (RT)-PCR assay was developed and subsequently evaluated for its effectiveness as a means to simultaneously detect Reo, BVDV, and BPIV during the manufacture of cell culture-derived biopharmaceuticals. Specific primers for Reo, BVDV, and BPIV were selected, and a multiplex RT-PCR was optimized. The sensitivity of the assay for simultaneous amplification of all viral target RNAs was $7.76{\times}10^2\;TCID_{50}/ml$ for Reo, $7.44{\times}10^1\;TCID_{50}/ml$ for BVDV, and $6.75{\times}10^1\;TCID_{50}/ml$ for BPIV. The multiplex RT-PCR was proven to be very specific to Reo, BVDV, and BPIV and was subsequently applied to the validation of CHO cells artificially infected with each virus. It could detect each viral RNA from CHO cells as well as culture supernatants. Therefore, it was concluded that the multiplex RT-PCR assay can be applied to detection of the adventitious viruses during the manufacture of cell culture-derived biopharmaceuticals.】