Abstract
Most of the current serological diagnosis of pertussis is based on pertussis toxin (PT) IgG antibodies and does not differentiate between vaccination and infection-induced antibodies. PT is included in all of acellular pertussis vaccines available in the world. Multiplex testing of non-vaccine antigen-related antibodies has the potential to improve the diagnostic outcome of these assays. In this study, we developed a quantitatively spatial multiplex lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) for the detection of IgG antibodies directed against PT, pertactin (PRN), and filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA). The assay was evaluated with serum samples with varying anti-PT, anti-PRN, and anti-FHA IgG levels and the result was compared to those obtained with standardized ELISA. The developed assay showed good specificity with PT and PRN antibodies and semiquantification throughout the antigen combinations. This exploratory study indicates that the multiplex LFIA is specific and sensitive, and a similar test platform with alternative antigens could be suitable for new type of pertussis serology.
Highlights
Laboratory diagnosis of pertussis infections, caused by respiratory pathogen Bordetella pertussis, is important for the surveillance, treatment, and prevention of the disease
We have reported earlier on a simple, quantitative and rapid lateral flow (LF)-based platform for anti-pertussis toxin (PT) IgG serological diagnostics of pertussis without the complexity of common laboratory practicalities [20]
The amounts of serum IgG antibodies to PT, filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), and PRN had been previously measured by ELISA
Summary
Laboratory diagnosis of pertussis infections, caused by respiratory pathogen Bordetella pertussis, is important for the surveillance, treatment, and prevention of the disease. The diagnosis of pertussis infections in the early stage is based on culture and PCR, and in the late stage on serology. Serological analysis by ELISA has been widely used for the evaluation of antibody responses to pertussis vaccination and infection and for serosurveillance [1,2]. Single high values of IgG and IgA antibodies to pertussis toxin (PT) usually indicate infection in individuals older than two years of age [3]. In single-point serology, the measurement of IgG antibodies against PT is recommended, since it has a higher sensitivity than anti-PT IgA antibodies [4]. The serological single point diagnostics based on PT is mainly interfered with vaccine-induced antibodies, as separating vaccine-induced anti-PT
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