Abstract
BackgroundPox and pox-like diseases of camels are a group of exanthematous skin conditions that have become increasingly important economically. Three distinct viruses may cause them: camelpox virus (CMLV), camel parapox virus (CPPV) and camelus dromedary papilloma virus (CdPV). These diseases are often difficult to differentiate based on clinical presentation in disease outbreaks. Molecular methods such as PCR targeting species-specific genes have been developed and used to identify these diseases, but not simultaneously in a single tube. Recently, multiplex PCR has gained reputation as a convenient diagnostic method with cost-and timesaving benefits.Methods and resultsIn the present communication, we describe the development, optimization and validation of a multiplex PCR assay able to detect simultaneously the genome of the three viruses in one single test allowing for rapid and efficient molecular diagnosis. The assay was developed based on the evaluation and combination of published and new primer sets and was validated with viral genomic DNA extracted from known virus strains (n = 14) and DNA extracted from homogenized clinical skin specimens (n = 86). The assay detects correctly the target pathogens by amplification of targeted genes, even in case of co-infection. The method showed high sensitivity, and the specificity was confirmed by PCR-product sequencing.ConclusionThis assay provide rapid, sensitive and specific method for identifying three important viruses in specimens collected from dromedary camels with varying clinical presentations.
Highlights
Pox and pox-like diseases of camels are a group of exanthematous skin conditions that have become increasingly important economically
This assay provide rapid, sensitive and specific method for identifying three important viruses in specimens collected from dromedary camels with varying clinical presentations
They include camelpox, which is caused by the Camelpox virus (CMLV), of the genus Orthopoxvirus (OPV) and camel contagious ecthyma (CCE) named Auzdik disease or orf in camels, which is caused by a tentative member of the genus Parapoxvirus (PPV), both viruses belong to the subfamily Chordopoxvirinae and the family Poxviridae
Summary
Pox and pox-like diseases of camels are a group of exanthematous skin conditions that have become increasingly important economically. Three distinct viruses may cause them: camelpox virus (CMLV), camel parapox virus (CPPV) and camelus dromedary papilloma virus (CdPV). These diseases are often difficult to differentiate based on clinical presentation in disease outbreaks. Pox and pox-like diseases of camels are a group of exanthematous skin conditions that have become increasingly important economically [1] They include camelpox, which is caused by the Camelpox virus (CMLV), of the genus Orthopoxvirus (OPV) and camel contagious ecthyma (CCE) named Auzdik disease or orf in camels, which is caused by a tentative member of the genus Parapoxvirus (PPV), both viruses belong to the subfamily Chordopoxvirinae and the family Poxviridae. The disease is endemic in these countries and a pattern of sporadic outbreaks occurs with a rise in seasonal incidence usually during the rainy season
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