Abstract
Generally speaking, passive synthetic aperture algorithms involve the calculation of a single phase correction factor from snapshot to snapshot in order to compensate for the spatial movement of the array over time. Within a given frequency bin and for sources in the far field, this approach is shown to be sufficient for the case of any single source and for the case of two completely deterministic (fully coherent) sources. However, for any other scenario, such as one deterministic and one stochastic source, this technique is shown not to result in the desired phase correction factor. This is a direct consequence of the algorithms used in the various passive synthetic aperture techniques. After reviewing these techniques, an approach to the resolution of this problem, which is based on the multivariate maximum likelihood method, is presented.
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