Abstract
In microwave remote sensing of soil moisture, vegetation and forests, the optical thickness of vegetation canopy can be significantly larger than unity. Thus the effects of multiple scattering are important and shall be considered. In this paper, a unified framework of scattering by vegetated surfaces (forest field) using active and passive radiative transfer theory is presented. Radiative transfer theory is solved by a numerical iterative approach for both active and passive configurations. In active iterative approach cyclical terms are identified and backscattering enhancement is included by multiplying the cyclical terms with factor of two. Backscattering coefficients and brightness temperatures of representative tree trunk field at L-band are illustrated and compared with the results from distorted Born approximation and the tau-albedo model, respectively.
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