Multiple roles of silver salts in palladium-catalyzed C–H activations

Abstract

Many Pd-catalyzed C–H functionalization reactions utilize stoichiometric Ag(I)-salts as additives. Ag additives are typically used either as a terminal oxidant or as a halide scavenger for Pd catalyst regeneration. However, recent experimental and computational studies have shown that Ag(I)-salts may play additional roles in C–H activation processes. Notably, cooperative Pd–Ag bimetallic C–H activations and Ag(I)-mediated Pd-catalyzed C–H arylations can occur. The non-oxidative roles of Ag(I) salts in Pd-catalyzed C-H activation are highlighted in this mini-review.