Abstract
AbstractNot all other-initiations of repair (OIR) are instantly followed by a functional self-repair that restores the progress of the conversation. Despite previous observations of OIRs generally leading to restored progress after one single-repair initiation, data from a multiperson conversational corpus of Norwegian Sign Language (NTS) show that 68% of 112 individual repair initiations occur in multiple OIR sequences. This article identifies three different trajectories of multiple OIR sequences in the NTS data, which are as follows: (1) a trouble source being targeted by more than one repair initiation, (2) the self-repair becomes a new trouble source, or (3) the repair initiation becomes a new trouble source. The high frequency of multiple OIR sequences provides an opportunity to quantitatively investigate how the various formats of repair initiation are distributed in single- and multiple-OIR sequences, how they occur as first or subsequent, and whether they restore the progress of the conversation or are followed by another repair initiation.
Highlights
Research on other-initiation of repair (OIR), or the practices of dealing with trouble of perception and understanding in communication, has been conducted on various spoken languages since the seminal work of Jefferson (1972) and Schegloff et al (1977)
We find Dively’s work on American Sign Language (ASL; 1998), Manrique’s work on Argentine Sign Language (LSA; Manrique and Enfield 2015; Manrique 2016; Manrique et al 2017), one study of OIR in conversations interpreted between British Sign Language and spoken English (Crawley 2016), and an overview of different formats for OIRs in Norwegian Sign Language (NTS;1 Skedsmo 2020)
(1998) describes how ASL repair initiations can be produced with two signs simultaneously, e.g., other repeating a sign in the trouble source with one hand, and signing “WAIT-A-MINUTE” with the other, and that there are some kinds of trouble sources in ASL, caused by where a sign is placed in space, that do not occur in spoken languages
Summary
Research on other-initiation of repair (OIR), or the practices of dealing with trouble of perception and understanding in communication, has been conducted on various spoken languages since the seminal work of Jefferson (1972) and Schegloff et al (1977). OIR in signed languages has only been investigated to a limited degree. OIR in Swiss German Sign Language among deaf and hard of hearing pupils in educational settings is discussed in Groeber and Pochon-Berger (2014), Girard-Groeber (2014), GirardGroeber (2015), Girard-Groeber (2018), and Girard-Groeber (2020). Abbreviations referring to signed languages, even if presented in English or other lingua francas, are conventionally based on the name of the language in (one of) the written languages used in the same area. Multiple OIR sequences have been discussed within the field of Parkinson’s disease/dysarthria (Bloch and Wilkinson 2004; Bloch and Wilkinson 2009; Bloch and Wilkinson 2011; Griffiths et al 2015).
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