Multiple model predictive control for offshore wind turbines operating in the full‐load range

Abstract

AbstractThis paper presents a multiple model predictive control (MMPC) strategy based on an individual blade pitch (IBP) mechanism to control floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) when operating in the full‐load range (above the rated wind speed). The strategy utilizes local model‐based predictive controllers (MPCs) to minimize generator output power fluctuations, generator speed variations, and alleviate tower mechanical loads, particularly fore‐aft and side‐to‐side shear forces. To ensure smooth transitions between local controllers, a soft‐switching technique is employed. The IBP actuation and generator torque control fix generator power and speed at the rated values, mitigating platform motions induced by wind and waves. The proposed control strategy is applied to a 5‐MW baseline wind turbine with a spar‐buoy platform developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Furthermore, a comparative analysis is conducted by designing an MMPC based on the collective blade pitch (CBP) mechanism. Through comprehensive simulation and analysis, the effectiveness of the IBP‐based MMPC strategy is demonstrated.