Abstract
A chromium-resistant bacterium was isolated indigenously from tannery effluent and identified as Staphylococcus sciuri. The optimum growth was observed at 37 °C and pH 7. S. sciuri was able to resist Cr6+ (25 mM) and other heavy metals such as As2+ (19 mM), Pb2+ (18.5 mM), Zn2+ (17 mM), Cu2+ (2.5 mM), Cd2+ (3 mM), and Ni2+ (1.5 mM). Biochemical characterization of chromate reductase revealed its optimal pH as 8.0 and temperature as 40 °C. The enzyme activity was stimulated only by Mg2+ among other heavy metals tested. S. sciuri showed chromium biosorption proficiency (q) after 2, 4, 6 and 8 days as 42, 73, 85 and 31 mM/g, respectively. Cr6+ did not stimulate activities of APOX, SOD and CAT significantly, however, only POX showed marked production (86%). Also, enhanced production of glutathione and other non-protein thiols significantly combat metal induced oxidative stress. Pilot study verified that S. sciuri was able to remove 93% Cr6+ from tannery effluent within 6 days of incubation. Thus, S. sciuri could act as a potential candidate for the bioremediation of hexavalent chromium contaminated environmental sites.
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