Multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) of macrolide-susceptible and -resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children in Taiwan

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Background/purposeTo date, molecular typing studies on Mycoplasma pneumoniae are limited. We evaluated the molecular types of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in pediatric patients in Taiwan in 2016. MethodsWe used real-time quantitative PCR on respiratory specimens to identify M. pneumoniae in children with community-acquired pneumonia. The domain V of their 23S rRNA were sequenced for detection of macrolide-resistant point mutations. Molecular typing with multiple locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) was done for both macrolide-susceptible and -resistance M. pneumoniae samples. ResultsM. pneumoniae was detected in 22% (180/826) respiratory samples during the study period. Among all M. pneumoniae-positive samples, 24% (43/180) had harbored macrolide-resistant genotypes, and 86% (37/43) of them were A2063G mutation. Forty-two macrolide-resistant strains and 20 randomly selected macrolide-susceptible strains underwent MLVA profiling. MLVA 4-5-7-2 was the most frequent type (32/62, 52%), followed by 4-5-7-3 (17/62, 27%) and 1-5-6-2 (9/62, 15%). There was a strong association between MLVA 4-5-7-2 and macrolide resistance (p < 0.001). In contrast, M 4-5-7-3 and 1-5-6-2 were related to macrolide susceptibility (p < 0.001, and p = 0.025, respectively). ConclusionMacrolide resistance was relatively low (24%) in this age group in 2016 in Taiwan, and A2063G was the dominant point mutation. MLVA 4-5-7-2 was associated with macrolide resistance.