Abstract
Classical swine fever is a highly contagious disease of swine caused by classical swine fever virus, an OIE list A pathogen. Epitope-based vaccines is one of the current focuses in the development of new vaccines against classical swine fever virus (CSFV). Two B-cell linear epitopes rE2-ba from the E2 glycoprotein of CSFV, rE2-a (CFRREKPFPHRMDCVTTTVENED, aa844-865) and rE2-b (CKEDYRYAISSTNEIGLLGAGGLT, aa693-716), were constructed and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli as multiple epitope vaccine. Fifteen 6-week-old specified-pathogen-free (SPF) piglets were intramuscularly immunized with epitopes twice at 2-week intervals. All epitope-vaccinated pigs could mount an anamnestic response after booster vaccination with neutralizing antibody titers ranging from 1:16 to 1:256. At this time, the pigs were subjected to challenge infection with a dose of 1 × 106 TCID50 virulent CSFV strain. After challenge infection, all of the rE2-ba-immunized pigs were alive and without symptoms or signs of CSF. In contrast, the control pigs continuously exhibited signs of CSF and had to be euthanized because of severe clinical symptoms at 5 days post challenge infection. The data from in vivo experiments shown that the multiple epitope rE2-ba shown a greater protection (similar to that of HCLV vaccine) than that of mono-epitope peptide(rE2-a or rE2-b). Therefore, The results demonstrated that this multiple epitope peptide expressed in a prokaryotic system can be used as a potential DIVA (differentiating infected from vaccinated animals) vaccine. The E.coli-expressed E2 multiple B-cell linear epitopes retains correct immunogenicity and is able to induce a protective immune response against CSFV infection.
Highlights
Classical swine fever (CSF) or hog cholera is a highly infectious viral disease included in the list of diseases notifiable to the OIE
E2 is the essential protein in virus replication and infextation, and it is the major immunogenic protein that is responsible for inducing neutralizing antibodies and eliciting protective immunity against CSF virus (CSFV) [9,10,11,12], which has been the main component in the design of CSFV DIVA vaccines [13,14]
On base of CSFV glycoprotein E2, Many epitopes have been investigated by monoclonal antibodies, phage display technique or polypeptide synthesis
Summary
Classical swine fever (CSF) or hog cholera is a highly infectious viral disease included in the list of diseases notifiable to the OIE (http://www.oie.int). Previous studies shown that the N terminus of CSFV E2 has four antigenic domains (A-D), with three subdomains The neutralizing epitopes corresponding to different regions of the A or BC domains of E2 were proposed and used as vaccines against CSFV in either mono-or multi-peptide formulations [17,18,19,20]. Some mixtures of linear peptides have been reported to induce CSFV-specific neutralizing antibodies as well as protection against CSFV challenge infection. Little information is available on the effect of these peptide vaccines on the levels of viremia and virus shedding [21,22]
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