Multiple intracerebral arteriovenous malformations: Report of three cases and review of the literature

Abstract

Multiple intracerebral arteriovenous malformations are thought to be exceedingly rare lesions and have usually been reported as single cases. During the past 2 years, we have treated three patients with multiple cerebral arterio-venous malformations, representing 3.2% of a consecutive series of 95 arteriovenous malformation patients seen since 1976. Details on 17 other cases are available in the literature and are summarized here. The incidence of multiple arteriovenous malformations in major series ranges from 0.3% to 3.2%; the average incidence is 1.9% based on 21 cases encountered in a total population of 1102 arteriovenous malformation patients. Patients with multiple arteriovenous malformations often have other vascular anomalies of the brain or soft tissues, but the clinical mode of presentation, age, sex, and anatomical distribution of the lesions are the same as those of patients with single arteriovenous malformations. The use of four-vessel angiography in combination with magnetic resonance imaging may result in a higher detection rate for such cases.