Multiple cellular effects of leaf extracts from Parinari curatellifolia.

Mitchelle Gororo,Theresa Chimponda,Stanley Mukanganyama,Elaine Chirisa

doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1287-6

Mitchelle Gororo, Theresa Chimponda + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-016-1287-6

Copy DOI

Abstract

BackgroundParinari curatellifolia is a prominent plant in folk medicine in Sub-Saharan Africa. The plant decoctions are used to treat various ailments, including the treatment of cancer, pneumonia, fever, microbial infections and anti-inflammation. The aims of the study were to investigate the effects of P. curatellifolia leaf extracts on cell inflammatory and proliferative activity.MethodsParinari curatellifolia fresh leaves were collected from Centenary in Mashonaland Central Province of Zimbabwe. Plant extracts were prepared using methanol, water, acetone and ethanol. Firstly, the effects of the extracts were determined on xanthine oxidase activity. Kinetic constants were determined for the extracts that showed inhibitory effects. Then the effects of Parinari curatellifolia water extract on LPS, menadione and hydrogen peroxide-activated nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells was determined by quantifying the amount of nitrites formed. Finally, the effects of P. curatellifolia on the proliferation of Jurkat-T cells as well as its modulation of cisplatin-induced cell- cytotoxicity was investigated on a Jurkat human T-cell lymphoma cell line.ResultsThere was significant XO inhibitory activity by the ethanol and methanol extracts at 15.6 μg/ml and 3.9 μg/ml respectively. The IC50 determination for allopurinol, ethanol extract and methanol extract were 0.43 μg/ml, 1.38 μg/ml and 2.19 μg/ml respectively. The kinetic results showed that the ethanol and methanol extracts were allosteric inhibitors of XO. The water extract of P. curatellifolia inhibited NO production in RAW cells when LPS was used as an activator. P. curatellifolia and cisplatin showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity on Jurkat-T cells. Isolated DNA from the cells showed that there was DNA cleavage on cells exposed to P. curatellifolia indicating that apoptosis may be a mechanism by which P. curatellifolia exerts its cytotoxicity on Jurkat-T cells.ConclusionsThese results scientifically support the use of P. curatellifolia leaf extracts in the management of pain, inflammatory and neoplastic conditions. P. curatellifolia thus has multiple biological effects, thus, validating its use in traditional medical uses.

Highlights

Parinari curatellifolia is a prominent plant in folk medicine in Sub-Saharan Africa
Antiproliferative assay The following reagents were used in the antiproliferative assay: Jurkat cells E 6.1 human leukemic T cell lymphocytes (ECACC, Sigma-Aldrich, Dorset, England), Rosewell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 media, foetal bovine serum, antibiotics, penicillin, neomycin, streptomycin solution, Hanks Buffered Saline Solution, Preparation of plant extracts The dried P. curatellifolia leaf powder was weighed using the KERNEG balance (Kern and Son GmbH, D -72336 Balingen, Germany) and the following masses of 10 g, 10 g, 15 g and 15 g were mixed with the solvents methanol, water, acetone and ethanol respectively
The results show that incubation of cells with glutathione increased the cytotoxicity of P. curatellifolia extract and not of cisplatin

Summary

Introduction

Parinari curatellifolia is a prominent plant in folk medicine in Sub-Saharan Africa. The aims of the study were to investigate the effects of P. curatellifolia leaf extracts on cell inflammatory and proliferative activity. The use of medicinal plants and herbs is as old as the human species [1]. Mankind used plants and herbs to sustain their health [2]. There is a renewed interest in the use of natural therapeutic methods for the management of various conditions [3]. The use of herbal remedies is especially. Parinari curatellifolia (Planth.ex Benth) belongs to the Chrysobalanaceae family under the genus name Parinari. Parinari is a vernacular name for a Brazilian species which means leaves like Curatella a West Indian and South American genus belonging to the Dilleniaceae family [6].

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion