Abstract
Multiple adult xanthogranuloma (MAXG) is an uncommon adult form of xanthogranuloma. The clinical manifestation of MAXG is relatively rare, but it has characteristic histopathological and immunohistochemical features. MAXG is mainly associated with cutaneous damage, and extracutaneous manifestations such as cervical spine, intracardiac, and periocular lesions have rarely been reported. In patients with systemic association, clinicians should pay attention to the possibility of hematological malignancies. We report the case of a 17-year-old man with multiple lesions on the head, face, neck, arms and trunk, along with the clinical manifestations and pathological features.
Highlights
Xanthogranuloma (XG) is a relatively common form of non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis that mostly involves to the skin and/or mucosa
The etiology and pathogenesis of XG remain uncertain, and it can be classified into juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) or adult xanthogranuloma (AXG) according to the age of onset
In addition to cutaneous damage, JXG may be accompanied by other extracutaneous XG lesions of the eyes, lungs, liver, testes, central nervous system or kidneys
Summary
Xanthogranuloma (XG) is a relatively common form of non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis that mostly involves to the skin and/or mucosa. The most frequent adult manifestation of XG is a solitary nodule, and multiple adult xanthogranuloma (MAXG) can be defined by the presence of more than five lesions in patients over 14 years of age [1]. The appearance of multiple lesions is unusual in adults. We report the case of a 17-year-old man diagnosed with MAXG, along with the clinical manifestations and pathological characteristics. Case Report A 17-year-old male patient with a 6-month history of multiple painless red to yellowish-brown papules and nodules was consulted at Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology in July 2017. Physical examinations showed multiple subcutaneous papules and nodules on the head, face, neck, arms and the upper part of the trunk, colored from red to yellowish-brown (Fig-1)
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