Multipath Stability Routing in Cognitive UAV Swarm for Emergency Communications: A Hypergraph Matching Approach

Abstract

With the rapid development of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), it has been considered as an effective solution for emergency communications. In order to solve the contradiction between the rapid growth of user equipments and the shortage of spectrum resources as well as the problem that a single UAV cannot meet the multimission requirements, we integrate the cognitive radio spectrum access and UAVs to form a cognitive UAV swarm. Since most of the base stations cannot work properly in disaster scenarios, cognitive UAV swarm transmits the collected information through multihop routing in the form of a decentralized distributed ad hoc network. In order to solve the problems of low robustness of single paths and unstable links, we explore a multipath stability optimization problem and then propose a multipath stable routing algorithm based on the multidimensional hypergraph matching method. The results show that compared with the greedy algorithm, the proposed algorithm can obtain higher path stability while obtaining multiple node disjoint paths. Finally, this paper provides a reference value for establishing multipath routing of UAV ad hoc networks in emergency communication scenarios.