Multipath Routing Protocol Using Genetic Algorithm in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

Antra Bhardwaj,Hosam El-Ocla

doi:10.1109/access.2020.3027043

Abstract

Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a cluster of wireless mobile gadgets that creates a temporary network without seeking support from any infrastructure or central management. Energy consumption should be considered as one of the foremost vital limitations in MANETs because the mobile nodes do not possess a constant power supply and its shortage will minimize the network’s lifetime. MANETs get energy from the batteries which get exhausted very quickly because of issues like node mobility, computation power, frequent data retransmissions needed in wireless communication, etc. Secondly, there is a data packet loss caused by different reasons such as traffic congestion or random loss as a result of nodes mobility or noise. This data loss, in turn, would delay packets delivery degrading data transmission in real-time applications. This paper provides management for this combination of major problems in MANETs. We present a new fitness function (FFn) used in the Genetic Algorithm (GA) to obtain the optimized route from those routes offered by the Ad hoc On-demand Multipath Distance Vector (AOMDV) routing protocol. Accordingly, we propose a routing protocol titled as AOMDV with FFn (AOMDV-FFn). We also integrate the AOMDV mechanism with the genetic algorithm (AOMDV-GA). These protocols provide an optimization process to select the efficient routes that have the highest fitness values implementing the shortest route, maximum residual energy, and less data traffic even if a random loss of data packets happens. In this regard, we introduce a mechanism where the TCP Congestion Control Enhancement for Random Loss (TCP CERL) can be utilized in the FFn to optimize the efficient route. The performance of the proposed mechanisms is compared with other preferred protocols proposed in this area.

Highlights

With progress in Information and Communication Technology (ICT), mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) can support high network capacity and increasing modern multimedia services, such as video-on-demand, online shopping, entertainment, and virtual surgeries, etc
Energy is utilized in MANETs with the traffic that comes from the comprehensive access and multimedia applications with Quality of Service (QoS) requirements
We introduce a new fitness function (FFn) as an optimization technique to obtain the best route from the source to the destination using Ad hoc On-demand Multipath Distance Vector (AOMDV) routing protocol

Summary

INTRODUCTION

With progress in Information and Communication Technology (ICT), mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) can support high network capacity and increasing modern multimedia services, such as video-on-demand, online shopping, entertainment, and virtual surgeries, etc. Nodes mobility that likely results in data random loss is not considered together with the energy efficiency and congestion control in any routing protocol up to our knowledge. This motivated us to propose a mechanism that combines solutions for all these challenges. In the proposed algorithm, when an RREQ is broadcast and multiple routes are received, the sender node will have to select the specific route to find the shortest and optimized route with the minimum energy consumption and less traffic taking into account the possibility of having links failure that results in random loss of data packets. The Fitness() function is calculated using algorithm 2 through for the total number k of routes from source to the destination

METHODOLOGY

13 RETURN Er

13 End Function

VIII. CONCLUSION