Abstract
True-time delay antenna arrays have gained a prominent attention in ultrawideband (UWB) applications such as directional communications and radar. This paper presents the design of steerable UWB circular array by using a multiobjective time-domain synthesis of energy pattern for circular antenna arrays. By this way we avoid individual beamforming for each frequency in UWB spectrum if the problem was addressed from the frequency domain. In order to obtain an energy pattern with low side lobe level and a desired main beam, the synthesis presented is performed by optimizing the true-time delays and amplitude coefficients for the antenna elements in a circular geometry. The method of Differential Evolution for Multiobjective Optimization (DEMO) is used as the optimization algorithm in this work. This design of steerable UWB circular arrays considers the optimization of the true-time exciting delays and the amplitude coefficients across the antenna elements to operate with optimal performance in the whole azimuth plane (360°). A comparative analysis of the performance of the optimized design with the case of conventional progressive delay excitations is achieved. The provided results show a good performance for energy patterns and for their respective power patterns in the UWB spectrum.
Highlights
In recent times, ultrawideband (UWB) communications require antenna arrays for applications such as beamforming and directional communications with high rate data transmission and high sensitivity [1, 2]
Differential Evolution for Multiobjective Optimization (DEMO)/parent outperforms totally the other algorithms by having a better behavior on this metric and a better approximation to the Pareto front. Based on these comparisons for the design of antenna arrays over a circular geometry, DEMO/parent is implemented in this synthesis of steerable UWB circular antenna arrays
180∘ with Since the an angular step of 45∘ in the cut of principal advantage of the circular array is steering the beam without significant changes over the pattern, we evaluate the rotation properties in all azimuth plane, but this property could be extended to consider the elevation plane
Summary
Ultrawideband (UWB) communications require antenna arrays for applications such as beamforming and directional communications with high rate data transmission and high sensitivity [1, 2]. Our research considers the synthesis of a single-ring circular antenna array with low SLL and beamwidth and different requirements for a steerable main lobe. This design of steerable UWB circular arrays considers the optimization of the true-time exciting delays and the amplitude coefficients across the antenna elements to operate with optimal performance in the whole azimuth plane (360∘). The novelty of this research is the synthesis of TD circular antenna array in order to obtain steerable energy patterns with low SLL; by this way we avoid the individual beamforming which would require an optimization process for each frequency in UWB spectrum.
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