Abstract
Abstract Brazil's current housing deficit exceeds 6 million homes and a demand of 10 million homes for low-income families is expected by 2040. On the other hand, during the last 10 years, approximately 850,000 social housing units have been delivered through the "My House, My Life" Program - (Programa Minha Casa, Minha Vida - PMCMV). Despite these numbers, several studies suggest some problems related to the low quality of the houses. This article aims to investigate the design parameter related to the geometry of social housing in Chapecó/SC, Brazil, which contributes to the achievement of the best thermal performance. Parametric methods and multi-objective optimizations were utilized, two objective-functions were optimized regarding the degree-hours for cooling and heating. The results showed significant improvements, reaching up to 98% during the hot period and 49% during the cold period. Guidelines were defined to assist architects in the early-phases of the social housing design based on the climate of the target region. However, the best design solutions for thermal comfort throughout the year can only be indicated with computational methods.
Highlights
Brazil has an estimated housing deficit of 6.36 million households of which 5.57 million (87.7%) are located in urban areas (FUNDAÇÃO..., 2020). Givisiez and Oliveira (2018) predict a demand of 29.5 million homes by 2040, which corresponds to the construction of more than 1 million housing units per year over the 20 years
Since 2009, Minha Casa Minha Vida Program (PMCMV) has enabled the construction of more than 2 million homes, and by 2017, more than 850 thousand housing units were delivered to families with monthly income up to R$ 1,800.00 (Band 1 of the PMCMV) (CAIXA..., 2018)
Parametric modeling linked to optimization techniques shows great potential to achieve good levels of performance during the early stages of architectural design. This integration between methods and techniques allows the thermal performance to be significantly improved by changing the geometry and configuration of the building envelope, such as opaque materials, solar orientation, orientation and dimension of windows, dimension of solar shadings, among others
Summary
Brazil has an estimated housing deficit of 6.36 million households of which 5.57 million (87.7%) are located in urban areas (FUNDAÇÃO..., 2020). Givisiez and Oliveira (2018) predict a demand of 29.5 million homes by 2040, which corresponds to the construction of more than 1 million housing units per year over the 20 years. Givisiez and Oliveira (2018) predict a demand of 29.5 million homes by 2040, which corresponds to the construction of more than 1 million housing units per year over the 20 years. Since 2009, Minha Casa Minha Vida Program (PMCMV) has enabled the construction of more than 2 million homes, and by 2017, more than 850 thousand housing units were delivered to families with monthly income up to R$ 1,800.00 (Band 1 of the PMCMV) (CAIXA..., 2018). Since the destabilization of the economy in 2015, there was a reduction in the number of housing units contracted by the Program and, since 2018, there has been no disclosure of new contracts for Band 1. In 2019, the year in which the PMCMV completed 10 years of existence, the government expected to deliver only 230,000 units (G1, 2020)
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