Abstract
Nowadays, given the great deal of fossil fuel consumption and associated environmental pollution, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) have shown their great merits in terms of high energy conversion efficiency and low emissions as a stationary power source. To ensure power quality and efficiency, both the output voltage and fuel utilization of an SOFC should be tightly controlled. However, these two control objectives usually conflict with each other, making the controller design of an SOFC quite challenging and sophisticated. To this end, a multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) was employed to tune the proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller parameters through the following steps: (1) Identifying the SOFC system through a least squares method; (2) designing the control based on a relative gain array (RGA) analysis; and (3) applying the MOGA to a simulation to search for a set of optimal solutions. By comparing the control performance of the Pareto solutions, satisfactory control parameters were determined. The simulation results demonstrated that the proposed method could reduce the impact of disturbances and regulate output voltage and fuel utilization simultaneously (with strong robustness).
Highlights
Nowadays, with a great deal of fossil fuel consumption, many environmental issues have been raised
It is evident that compared to the original controller, the optimal controller based on the controller parameters on optimal point D had better control performance
To deal with the characteristics of couplings of multivariables, nonlinearity of the model, and frequent load disturbances, this paper employed a genetic algorithm (GA)-based optimization algorithm to find the optimal parameters for the PID controllers of an solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs)
Summary
With a great deal of fossil fuel consumption, many environmental issues have been raised. With the merits of low pollution and high efficiency [1], hydrogen energy-based fuel cells are considered to be ideal alternative energy sources, and they are widely used to supply power to stand-alone power systems and vehicles [2,3,4]. Numerous studies about SOFCs have been done. Studies on efficient control strategies to ensure the safety, stability, and efficiency of SOFCs are very important. To ensure the power quality of an SOFC, the output voltage must be controlled tightly. As a result, designing an efficient control scheme is of great significance in the research on SOFCs
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