Abstract
Understanding multi-node vehicular wireless communication channels is crucial for future time-sensitive safety applications for human-piloted as well as partly autonomous vehicles on roads, railways and in the air. These highly dynamic wireless communication channels are characterized by rapidly changing channel statistics. In this paper we present the first fully mobile multi-node vehicular wireless channel sounding system, which is capable of simultaneously capturing multiple channel frequency responses, ensuring that measurement conditions are identical for all observed links. We use it to analyze road scenarios with multiple vehicles and a large obstructing double-decker bus. The empirical measurement data is used to parametrize a model for the large obstructing vehicle within a geometry-based stochastic channel model. We compare the time-variant channel statistics obtained from our channel model with the ones from the measurement campaign. By means of a channel emulator we obtain the packet error rates of commercial modems for the measured and the simulated wireless communication channels and compare them, in order to validate the model at the link level. We find that the path loss, the root mean square (RMS) delay spread, and the RMS Doppler spread deviate by less than 3.6 dB, 78 ns, and 52 Hz, respectively, for 80% of the total simulation duration. The PER obtained from measured data is within the maximum and minimum bounds of our model for 86% of the simulation duration.
Highlights
R ELIABLE and low-latency communication systems are crucial to connect multiple vehicles in challenging traffic scenarios
In both scenarios we show an excellent match between the measurement results and simulation results but minor offsets still occur due to the absence of three dimensional components and higher order reflections from the model, the modeling of large reflective surfaces as point scatterers, and the exclusion of minor objects such as parked vehicles, metallic drainpipes or fences
The presented approach allows for a significantly reduced streaming bandwidth compared to streaming the uncompressed frequency responses
Summary
R ELIABLE and low-latency communication systems are crucial to connect multiple vehicles in challenging traffic scenarios This allows for increased road safety and traffic efficiency by complementing sensors limited to line-of-sight (LOS), such as video or LIDAR (light detection and ranging), with sensor data from other vehicles in the vicinity [1], [2], as well as the exchange of kinematic information. The correct choice of a channel model is crucial to efficiently, yet accurately, capture the statistics of the timeand frequency-variant fading process in highly dynamic multipath propagation environments. This enables the design of reliable and affordable test procedures on the link and system levels. We use both the measurement data and the model simulations to emulate a link between two commercial modems in our lab and compare their link-level packet error rate (PER)
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