Multimodel Integration for Fuel-Related Aircraft Emission Estimation on Boeing 777

Abstract

This paper proposes an individual aircraft emission estimation method that uses a multimodel approach based on the widely accepted Base of Aircraft Data model. With the identification of the influences, the baseline aircraft model was enhanced by an atmospheric model, which merges an airport database with Version 2 of the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications program, and adjusted for near-ground atmospheric effects, altering the respective model and creating the Prandtl and Ekman layers. Further refinement is given by an aircraft- and temperature- matching function to tailor the fuel consumption to that of a Boeing 777. Due to the significant dependency of emissions on the thrust and fuel burn, this model portion was validated with a flight data recorder extracted from 133 highly diverse flights performed on the Boeing-777-type aircraft. The resulting model proves to be highly capable of estimating the aircraft’s fuel consumption in the validation files with an interquartile range of 3.00 t around the slightly underestimating mean of . Based on the promising fuel consumption results, the model is reinforced through literature research for the introduction of primary constituents, namely, carbon dioxide, water, and sulfur dioxide. Additionally, secondary constituents like nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbons are implemented using The Boeing Company’s Fuel Flow Method2.