Multimodale Therapien bei Sarkomen: Standards und Neues in der medikamentösen und radioonkologischen Behandlung

Abstract

Patients with localized high-risk soft tissue sarcoma are at high risk for both local recurrence and distant metastases despite optimal surgical treatment. Importance of preoperative or postoperative chemotherapy and hyperthermia. Evaluation and overview of published study results. Preoperative or postoperative radiotherapy is considered as standard for patients with localized high-risk soft tissue sarcoma. The results of two randomized studies on neoadjuvant chemotherapy showed asurvival benefit. As both studies did not have acontrol arm without chemotherapy but in one case the superiority of anthracycline/ifosfamide-based chemotherapy in combination with hyperthermia over chemotherapy alone and in the other case the superiority of anthracycline/ifosfamide-based chemotherapy over histology-specific chemotherapy were shown, the formal proof of the superiority of this treatment is still missing. Stratifying the patients treated in the so far largest randomized adjuvant chemotherapy trial according to current risk criteria ( http://www.sarculator.com ) revealed asignificant survival benefit for patients at high risk of recurrence. For high-risk soft tissue sarcomas, multimodal treatment strategies involving perioperative chemotherapy, radiotherapy and, if possible, hyperthermia should be considered in addition to tumor resection. Preoperative chemotherapy should be given preference over postoperative chemotherapy based on available data.