Abstract
Recent developments in high energy femtosecond fiber lasers have enabled robust and lower-cost sources for multiphoton-fluorescence and harmonic-generation imaging. However, picosecond pulses are better suited for Raman scattering microscopy, so the ideal multimodal source for nonlinear microcopy needs to provide both durations. Here we present spectral compression of a high-power femtosecond fiber laser as a route to producing transform-limited picosecond pulses. These pulses pump a fiber optical parametric oscillator to yield a robust fiber source capable of providing the synchronized picosecond pulse trains needed for Raman scattering microscopy. Thus, this system can be used as a multimodal platform for nonlinear microscopy techniques.
Highlights
Multiphoton fluorescence microscopy continues to find new and exciting applications
Imaging techniques based on Raman processes, including coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy, continue to proliferate [1]
The dissipative soliton laser is based on double-clad Yb-doped fiber with a 10 μm core diameter (Liekki), similar to the cavity presented by Kieu et al [19]
Summary
Multiphoton fluorescence microscopy continues to find new and exciting applications. Secondand third-harmonic generation imaging share some benefits with multiphoton imaging, while offering complementary capabilities. Huff and coworkers constructed a multimodal source based on two synchronized picosecond titanium sapphire lasers to provide the desired pulse parameters for CARS [13] Their system uses the picosecond pulses to achieve two-photon excitation florescence (TPEF) and sum-frequency generation (SFG) images, which sacrifices performance compared to the use of femtosecond pulses in these imaging techniques. The second color required for Raman imaging was generated through the soliton self-frequency shift in PCF This source is limited to very low powers (less than 10 mW) at 75 MHz and does not have the optimal picosecond durations for the Raman techniques. To the best of our knowledge, no multimodal source has been demonstrated that is capable of providing both the optimal synchronized picosecond pulses for the Raman microscopies and the high energy femtosecond pulses for multiphoton techniques. Extensions of the source to provide tunable femtosecond pulses will be discussed
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