Abstract
Aging is a complex process of organism decline in physiological functions. There is no clear theory explaining this phenomenon, but the most accepted one is the oxidative stress theory of aging. Biomarkers of oxidative stress, substances, which are formed during oxidative damage of phospholipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, are present in body fluids of diseased people as well as the healthy ones (in a physiological concentration). 8-iso prostaglandin F2α is the most prominent biomarker of phospholipid oxidative damage, o-tyrosine, 3-chlorotyrosine, and 3-nitrotyrosine are biomarkers of protein oxidative damage, and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine and 8-hydroxyguanosine are biomarkers of oxidative damage of nucleic acids. It is thought that the concentration of biomarkers increases as the age of people increases. However, the concentration of biomarkers in body fluids is very low and, therefore, it is necessary to use a sensitive analytical method. A combination of HPLC and MS was chosen to determine biomarker concentration in three groups of healthy people of a different age (twenty, forty, and sixty years) in order to find a difference among the groups.
Highlights
Aging is a multifactorial process of time-dependent decline in physiological function [1]
Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) can be used for the analysis of analytes giving information about both their structures and their quantities
The studies that have been published so far are generally not focused on relation between levels of biomarkers in healthy subjects and their age, but they are focused on monitoring of levels of oxidative stress biomarkers linked to particular disease (e.g., Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease; see Table 1)
Summary
Aging is a multifactorial process of time-dependent decline in physiological function [1] It is manifested by the decrease of the efficiency of the organism functions, the accumulation of various defects and declining ability to repair them, increased susceptibility to various diseases, and eventually increased mortality [2, 3]. It was found that there are other oxygen compounds such as hydrogen peroxide or hypochlorous acid which react with biomolecules in the same way. These are, together with oxygen radicals, called reactive oxygen species (ROS). The oxidants interact with biomolecules in cells such as phospholipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [10], smoking [11, 12], and air pollution [13]
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