Abstract

In the age of the internet, social media are connecting us all at the tip of our fingers. People are linkedthrough different social media. The social network, Twitter, allows people to tweet their thoughts on any particular event or a specific political body which provides us with a diverse range of political insights. This paper serves the purpose of text processing of a multilingual dataset including Urdu, English, and Roman Urdu. Explore machine learning solutions for sentiment analysis and train models, collect the data on government from Twitter, apply sentiment analysis, and provide a python library that classifies text sentiment. Training data contained tweets in three languages: English: 200k, Urdu: 200k and Roman Urdu: 11k. Five different classification models are applied to determine sentiments, and eventually, the use of ensemble technique to move forward with the acquired results is explored. The Logistic Regression model performed best with an accuracy of 75%, followed by the Linear Support Vector classifier and Stochastic Gradient Descent model, both having 74% accuracy. Lastly, Multinomial Naïve Bayes and Complement Naïve Bayes models both achieved 73% accuracy.

Highlights

  • Social media is playing a vital role in the estimation of the perception of public opinions.Social media content is widely available and easy to access to predict people’s perspectives on any current issue [1]

  • We provide a Python library for multilingual sentiment analysis focused on the three languages discussed earlier

  • The Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) Vectorizer was used for word embedding and TF-IDF Transformer for term weighting

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Summary

Introduction

Social media is playing a vital role in the estimation of the perception of public opinions. Political bodies tend to adopt a specific tone for their target results If they want to start a campaign and want public support, a positive temper is adapted and attached pictures with tweets, whereas their tone is neutral for information sharing. Dictionary-based techniques are compelling at times, which require not many exertions in human-marked reports This survey mainly focused on sentiment analysis of the Twitter dataset, which helps analyse the information and filter them out either as positive, negative, or neutral. The objective of the research paper is to investigate preprocessing techniques and implement various machine learning paradigms Well recognised for their performance on sentiment analysis of textual documents and provide a python package that predicts sentiment and opinion mining of data about governance. The results are presented and explained along with the conclusion

Literature Review
Data and Methodology
Dataset
Governance Concerning Dataset
Data Cleaning and Preprocessing
Feature Extraction and Classification Models
Feature Extraction
Classification Models
Results and Discussions
Comparative Analysis of Models
Ensemble Technique
Multilingual Sentiment Classifier
Conclusion
Full Text
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