Abstract
Wharton’s Jelly- derived Mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) have gained interest as an alternative source of stem cells for regenerative medicine because of their potential for self-renewal, differentiation and unique immunomodulatory properties. Although many studies have characterized various WJ-MSCs biologically, the expression profiles of the commonly used stemness markers have not yet been addressed. In this study, WJ-MSCs were isolated and characterized for stemness and surface markers expression. Flow cytometry, immunofluorescence and qRT-PCR analysis revealed predominant expression of CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105 and CD166 in WJ-MSCs, while the hematopoietic and endothelial markers were absent. Differential expression of CD 29, CD90, CD105 and CD166 following adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic induction was observed. Furthermore, our results demonstrated a reduction in CD44 and CD73 expressions in response to the tri-lineage differentiation induction, suggesting that they can be used as reliable stemness markers, since their expression was associated with undifferentiated WJ-MSCs only.
Highlights
In recent years, the biological and clinical interest in Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has increased noticeably due to their unique stemness characteristics
MSCs have proven to represent a major hope for cell-based therapy and tissue engineering applications, as these cells possess the capacity for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation potentials [54, 55]
Similar to other MSCs, it is well established that Wharton’s Jelly- derived Mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) express a wide range of surface antigen markers including CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105 and CD166; and lack the expression of the hematopoietic or endothelial markers [58]
Summary
The biological and clinical interest in Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has increased noticeably due to their unique stemness characteristics. MSCs are non-hematopoietic cell population with multipotent precursor properties which has high degree of self-renewal and exhibit multi-lineage differentiation potential [1]. Stemness Markers' Profile during Differentiation of WJ-MSCs. 5] Unlike embryonic stem cells, the use of MSCs for clinical applications is ethically acceptable and no risk is associated with teratoma formation [6]. MSCs are described as immunologically privileged cells, modulate immune responses and exhibit anti-inflammatory properties (best reviewed in [7, 8]). MSCs drastically inhibit B-cell proliferation, differentiation and chemotactic behavior [16]. In the presence of MSCs, the secretory cytokine profile and molecules related to antigen presentation of these cells are inhibited [17, 18]. The recipient immunological tolerance to the administration of MSCs makes them ideal for clinical practice and good potential for cell therapy
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