Multilevel integrated studies and monitoring of natural and technical objects of Kola region

Abstract

The relevance of research, diagnostics and study of natural and technical objects belonging to I–II hazard classes is shown. Methodological approaches to the application of interdisciplinary methods for a complex of observations and observation of such objects are proposed: visual observations and photodocumentation, geophysical survey, hydrological measurements, geomechanics methods, satellite geodesy, digital photography using UAVs, remote sensing, hydrogeomechanical modeling. Comprehensive natural observations of various incidents on the earth's surface: underground, explosive, high-altitude and satellite. The underground level includes hydrological measurements, seismic tomography and georadar sounding. At the surface level, geodetic surveys, horizontal and vertical measurements, geodetic referencing and precise positioning of objects are performed. Various types of digital aerial photography are used for the high-altitude level. The basis of the satellite level is the processing and analysis of multispectral and radar images (ERS). The data obtained as a result of field studies are used to develop hydrogeomechanical 3D models, with the help of which scenario modeling of various hydrogeological and geomechanical conditions is performed. Such an approach to solving monitoring problems, which consists in integrating interdisciplinary studies at various levels, makes it possible to control a natural and technical object in a hierarchy: from a structure as a whole to its individual structural elements and local sections. A description is given of examples of the application of multilevel integrated research and monitoring of natural and technical objects of mining enterprises in the Kola region.