Abstract
A new scheme to accurately retain kinetic electron effects in particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations for the case of electrostatic drift waves is presented. The splitting scheme, which is based on exact separation between adiabatic and nonadiabatic electron responses, is shown to yield more accurate linear growth rates than the standard δf scheme. The linear and nonlinear elliptic problems that arise in the splitting scheme are solved using a multigrid solver. The multigrid PIC approach offers an attractive path, both from the physics and numerical points of view, to simulate kinetic electron dynamics in global toroidal plasmas.
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