Multigene Phylogeny Reveals Haploanthostomella elaeidis gen. et sp. nov. and Familial Replacement of Endocalyx (Xylariales, Sordariomycetes, Ascomycota).

Sirinapa Konta,Sirinapa Konta,Sirinapa Konta,Jianchu Xu,Jianchu Xu,Jianchu Xu,Prapassorn D Eungwanichayapant,Saisamorn Lumyong,Saisamorn Lumyong,Saowaluck Tibpromma,Saowaluck Tibpromma,Saowaluck Tibpromma,Lucas A P Dauner,Sasith Tharanga Aluthwattha,Sasith Tharanga Aluthwattha,Kevin D Hyde,Lucas A P Dauner,Milan C Samarakoon,Samantha C Karunarathna,Samantha C Karunarathna,Samantha C Karunarathna

doi:10.3390/life11060486

Abstract

During our investigation of palm fungi in Thailand, two interesting taxa from Elaeis guineensis and Metroxylon sagu (Arecaceae) were collected. Based on phylogenetic analyses of a combined dataset of ITS, LSU, rpb2, and tub2 nucleotide sequences as well as unique morphological characteristics, we introduce the new genus Haploanthostomella within Xylariales, and a new species Endocalyx metroxyli. Additionally, in our study, the genus Endocalyx is transferred to the family Cainiaceae based on its brown conidia and molecular phylogenetic evidence.

Highlights

Palm trees represent a family of perennial lianas and consist of many diverse species worldwide, with the fossil record indicating around 65 million years of evolutionary history [1]
Phylogenetic analyses of the combined intervening 5.8S rDNA (ITS), large subunit (LSU), rpb2, and tub2 loci show two novel taxa within the monospecific genus Haploanthostomella and the novel taxa Endocalyx metroxyli, with the genus Endocalyx being placed in Cainiaceae
Based on phylogeny and morphological characteristics, the new monotypic genus Haploanthostomella and the new species Endocalyx metroxyli have been established. The former new species was isolated from a dead rachis of Elaeis guineensis, and the latter from a dead petiole of Metroxylon sagu (Arecaceae) in Thailand

Summary

Introduction

Palm trees represent a family of perennial lianas and consist of many diverse species worldwide, with the fossil record indicating around 65 million years of evolutionary history [1]. Several fungal species are currently unknown to science, with the total number estimated at somewhere between 2.2 and 3.8 million [2]. Palms are a interesting plant family for studying microfungi species unknown to science. The subclass Xylariomycetidae has recently been updated to contain three orders (Amphisphaeriales, Delonicicolales, and Xylariales) and 35 families [3]. The family Induratiaceae was introduced in this subclass by Samarakoon et al [4] with an updated phylogeny of Xylariales. Cainiaceae was accepted in the Xylariales [3,6]. Hongsanan et al [7], and Wijayawardene et al [8] assigned Cainiaceae to the Xylariomycetidae as an incertae sedis family

Methods

Results

Conclusion