Abstract
The phylogeny and systematics of cordycipitoid fungi have been extensively studied in the last two decades. However, systematic positions of some taxa in the family Cordycipitaceae have not yet been thoroughly resolved. In this study, a new phylogenetic framework of Cordycipitaceae is reconstructed using multigene (nrSSU, nrLSU, tef-1α, rpb1 and rpb2) sequence data with large-scale taxon sampling. In addition, ITS sequence data of species belonging to the Lecanicillium lineage in the family Cordycipitaceae are used to further determine their phylogenetic placements. Based on molecular phylogenetic data together with morphological evidence, two new genera (Flavocillium and Liangia), 16 new species and four new combinations are introduced. In the new genus Flavocillium, one new species F. bifurcatum and three new combinations previously described as Lecanicillium, namely F. acerosium, F. primulinium and F. subprimulinium, are proposed. The genus Liangia is built by the new species Lia. sinensis with Lecanicillium-like asexual morph, isolated from an entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria yunnanensis. Due to the absence of Paecilomyces hepiali, an economically and medically significant fungus, in the earlier phylogenetic analyses, its systematic position has been puzzling in both business and academic communities for a long time. Here, P. hepiali is recharacterized using the holotype material along with seven additional samples. It is assigned to the genus Samsoniella (Cordycipitaceae, Hypocreales) possessing Cordyceps-like sexual morph and Isaria-like asexual morph, and thus a new combination, namely S. hepiali is proposed. An additional nine new species in Samsoniella are described: S. alpina, S. antleroides, S. cardinalis, S. cristata, S. lanmaoa, S. kunmingensis, S. ramosa, S. tortricidae and S. yunnanensis. Four new species in Cordyceps are described: C. chaetoclavata, C. cocoonihabita, C. shuifuensis and C. subtenuipes. Simplicillium yunnanense, isolated from synnemata of Akanthomyces waltergamsii, is described as a new species.
Highlights
In the taxonomic system of the twentieth century, Cordyceps Fr. sensu lato belonged to the family Clavicipitaceae s. l. characterized by possessing cylindrical asci, thickened ascus apices, and filiform ascospores that often disarticulate into secondary ascospores (Mains 1958; Kobayasi 1982; Rossman et al 1999, 2002; Sung et al 2007)
We focused on the phylogenetic investigation of the family Cordycipitaceae, with special emphasis on species collected from Yunnan Province, China
We proposed two new genera Flavocillium and Liangia, 16 new species and four new combinations in the family Cordycipitaceae
Summary
In the taxonomic system of the twentieth century, Cordyceps Fr. sensu lato belonged to the family Clavicipitaceae s. l. characterized by possessing cylindrical asci, thickened ascus apices, and filiform ascospores that often disarticulate into secondary ascospores (Mains 1958; Kobayasi 1982; Rossman et al 1999, 2002; Sung et al 2007). L. characterized by possessing cylindrical asci, thickened ascus apices, and filiform ascospores that often disarticulate into secondary ascospores (Mains 1958; Kobayasi 1982; Rossman et al 1999, 2002; Sung et al 2007). This genus is the most diverse group of Clavicipitaceae s. At least 39 genera accommodating more than 1300 cordycipitoid species have been assigned to these three families (Sung et al 2007; Chaverri et al 2008; Johnson et al 2009; Luangsa-ard et al 2011, 2017; Kepler et al 2013, 2014, 2017; Quandt et al 2014; Spatafora et al 2015; Tsang et al 2016; Zare and Gams 2016; Mongkolsamrit et al 2018)
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